The perception of Spaniards on the achievements in gender equality has improved slightly in the last year, according to the DYM survey prepared on the occasion of 8-M for 20minutos. Where this rise is most noticeable is in politics: 64% of those surveyed consider that in 2021 equality has been achieved “definitely or to some extent” in this area, compared to 42% who believe that “it has not been achieved really or at all”. Thus, the difference between the two perceptions yields a positive balance of 32 points, compared to the balance of 21 that had been achieved in 2020. Meanwhile, there has also been progress, albeit more modest, in the home (from a balance of 16 points to 18) and at work (with an evolution from 10 points in 2020 to 11 in 2021).
On the other hand, the incidence of gender-based violence has not decreased despite the efforts made in the fight against this social scourge. As in previous years, 16% of women in Spain, one in six, recognized themselves as victims of gender violence in 2021.
The survey also highlights that 32% of young women, those between 18 and 24 years old, say they have suffered some type of gender violence, whether physical or psychological violence in Spain. The previous year, in 2020, that percentage was much lower (12%) and in 2019 of 15%.
This is the main alarm that launches the DYM survey that has focused on analyzing opinions related to gender equality, violence against women and sexual harassment in Spain and in the world with the aim of understanding what improvements to implement in equal rights and opportunities for women. And which is published precisely coinciding with the commemoration of March 8, International Women’s Day.
“Gender equality is an international objective that needs to be tackled at both the state and local level,” says Vilma Scarpino, president of the International WIN Association, in charge of the report.
Gender inequality in job opportunities is perceived more if you are a woman (55%) than a man (45%).
Based on a statistical sample of 33,236 surveys around the world, a thousand of them in Spain, DYM’s work reveals that 70% of the world’s population considers that gender equality in the home has already been achieved. This percentage drops to 60% when asked about achievements in gender equality in the workplace.
The survey delves, however, into the population’s perception of women’s career paths and job opportunities. In this regard, the majority consider that women have fewer opportunities in the labor market than men. It is noteworthy that these inequalities are perceived more by women (55% of them) than by men (45%).
Half of the women believe they have fewer opportunities than men in the workplace, and the percentage recognizing the existence of inequality increases with the age of the women surveyed: 52% think they are discriminated against between 18 and 24 years of age and 59% between 55 and 64 years of age.
This study describes the results on the incidence of gender-based violence on the planet as “unfortunately stable”. In 2021, 16% of women in the world reported having suffered gender-based violence, one in six.
Young women, aged 18 to 24, report the highest incidence of physical and psychological violence (22%).
The overall incidence of sexual harassment also remains the same as in recent years. Nine percent of the women interviewed, one in ten, say that they have suffered sexual harassment in the last year. Young women are also the most affected (19%).
The survey presents a specific chapter on Spain. The perception of achievements in gender equality in the last year is lower in our country than globally.
Only 57% consider that gender equality has been achieved within the home (70% globally). The perception of equality at work is also considerably reduced. Only 53% of Spaniards believe there is equality, compared to 60% of the world population.
The trend that Spain does share with the rest of the world is that women perceive gender inequalities to a greater extent. Men consider that 66% believe that parity has been achieved in the home. The percentage drops to 49% among women in Spain. The same is true in the world of work. Sixty-one percent of men believe that equality in the workplace has been achieved. Meanwhile, women are in the minority: 46%.
However, the perception of parity in the political sphere is better in Spain than worldwide. A majority of men and women (64%) in Spain find gender equality in the different administrations and governments, compared to only 50% worldwide.
In the world, according to the DYM survey, the prevalence of sexual harassment is 9%. One in ten women admits to being a victim of harassment. This prevalence is reduced in Spain to 4%, and falling in the last two years, when it reached 6% (2019). By age, in 2021 the majority group among those who say they have suffered harassment are the youngest (11%, aged 18 to 24). The previous year they were 9%, while in 2019 it was 15%. In previous years women of all ages felt they were victims of harassment, while now it is identified as such exclusively by younger women.
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